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The Holy Order of MANS (HOOM, pronounced "HOME") was a religious order grounded in what it viewed as the esoteric teachings of "The Great Christ" through "The Master Jesus", which identifies it as New Age.〔Lucas, Phillip. ''The Odyssey of a New Religion: The Holy Order of MANS from New Age to Orthodoxy'': Indiana University Press: Indianapolis, IN, 1995〕 It has been identified as a cult by mainstream Christian organizations.〔''Spiritual Counterfeits Project Newsletter'', Feb. 1976, vol. 2, no. 2. Also pamphlet "Occult Philosophy and Mystical Experience", ''Spiritual Counterfeits Project''.〕〔〔Melton, J. Gordon. 1992. ''Encyclopedic Handbook of Cults in America, revised and updated ed.'' Garland, 1986, 1992. ISBN 0-8153-0502-8.〕 ==History== The founder was Earl Wilbur Blighton, a retired electrical engineer and mail-order minister, who used the honorific ''Rt. Rev.''〔"Rt. Rev." title of a Master Teacher of the Holy Order of MANS—current documentation of Christian ordination of Earl W. Blighton as a minister, priest, or bishop is inconclusive or missing (date=2013 June 12). —"Trials of Founder of Order of Mans", Rev. Lester Kinsolving, ''San Francisco Chronicle'', December 24, 1972.〕 and was also known as Master Paul. A number of his previous religious associations included the Roman Catholic Church, Spiritualism, Masonry, New Thought and the Rosicrucian Order.〔Lucas, Philip Charles. Profile: Holy Order of MANS. Profiles of Religious and Spiritual Groups, ''World Religions & Spirituality Project VCU'', David G. Bromley, Project Director.〕〔Latin, Don. "Suddenly Orthodox", ''This World'', May 31, 1992.〕 The stated mission and purpose of the Holy Order of MANS was to guide all mankind and the churches of Christ to union with the Divine Self of God within, the Divine Spark. According to Blighton, the Christ is returning now, in this new age, as the Golden Force—the vibration of the atmosphere of the entire planet is rising, and this action will cause violent reactions, including death, in those who do not know the God Self and have not mastered their body.〔Holy Order of MANS.org. ''The Golden Force'', in-house published book. HOOM. San Francisco, CA. 1970. Chapter 11 – The Blind Man Sees.〕 A willing intellectual and emotional assent to religious doctrine or dogma was not enough. Full experiential knowledge (''gnosis'') of God beyond merely intuitive spiritual insight was true redemption.〔Holy Order of MANS.org. Book of Alchemy. Chapter 11.〕 The principal means of effecting this was by the ''praxis'' of theurgy and bhakti.〔Holy Order of MANS.org. Book of Order and Book of Alchemy. ''Also'' Transcribed Lectures and Classes given by Father Paul Blighton. ''Initiation and Ritual''. Lecture by Father Paul. Tape 814.〕 The Holy Order of MANS was described as "apostolic catholic", and some used the term "Pauline catholic or Paulean catholic", in its claim of possessing received esoteric apostolic doctrine ''without'' the necessity of canonical ordination in the line of Orthodox Catholic apostolic succession.〔Plummer, John. ''The Many Paths of the Independent Sacramental movement, 2nd ed.'': Apocryphile Press, Berkeley, CA, 2006〕 Several years after the death of its founder in 1974 (and subsequent to the 1980s cult-scare generated by the hundreds of deaths at Jonestown on 17 November 1978), in an effort to distance itself from association with the New Age in the mind of the public, beginning in 1984 the HOOM gradually changed,〔Lucas, Philip. ''America's Alternative Religions'', ed. Timothy Miller. Chapter 14: "From Holy Order of MANS to Christ the Savior Brotherhood: The Radical Transformation of an Esoteric Christian Order". 1998. pp. 141–148.〕〔Latta, Bob. "MANS Order Contends with Occult Image", ''San Francisco Chronicle'', May 26, 1980〕 through adoption of daily spiritual practices common in Orthodox Christianity, which prompted the departure of some members. Then in 1988, after little more than two decades of existence, the HOOM dissolved. Since 1988 it has splintered into many groups including the Science of Man in Oregon, which was led by Blighton's wife Ruth until her death in 2005,〔Mary K. Greer's Tarot Blog: Holy Order of MANS Tarot. July 18, 2008.〕 and the Gnostic Order of Christ, founded by HOOM "Master Timothy" Delbert Harris.〔Athitakis, Mark. Awkward Christian Soldiers, ''San Francisco Weekly'', 12/12/1999. POKROV.org.〕 In 1988, after denouncing what they perceived as heresy in the (fundamental doctrines of the Order ), many of the remaining members and hierarchy of the HOOM joined a non-canonical group〔"non-canonical group" means not a member of the Standing Committee of Orthodox Bishops of America, SCOBA—see Vasiloupolis jurisdiction. This group was led by Metropolitan Pangratios Vrionis, formerly Demetrios G. Vrionis, a priest of the mainline Orthodox Church ordained in 1963, then in the late 1960s defrocked from the priesthood by the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch in Istanbul, Turkey. Vrionis subsequently became spiritual leader and founder of his own Archdiocese of Vasiloupolis, Queens, New York. — Latin, Don, "Suddenly Orthodox", ''This World'', May 31, 1992.〕 of the Orthodox Church under the new name ''Christ the Savior Brotherhood'' (abbreviated CSB).〔"Holy Order of MANS sect changes name, joins Eastern Orthodox Church", ''Christian Research Journal/Summer 1988.〕 Under the terms of the merger, the group continued to have a great deal of autonomy. Members who took second vows within the group still wore robes and clerical collars.〔 Legal ownership of HOOM property and assets was retained by the CSB but remained incorporated under the name Holy Order of MANS.〔 Many Orthodox say the Christ the Savior Brotherhood continued to pretend to be something it is not.〔〔"Many Orthodox say..." ''See article'' "Holy Order of MANS sect changes name, joins Eastern Orthodox Church", ''Christian Research Journal'', Summer 1988: interviews— *interview, Reverend George Gray, a priest with the Orthodox Christian Church in America, who has followed the CSB sect for two decades; *interview, Paul Brown, former abbot, HOOM Brown Brothers of the Holy Light, who left in 1987 and has since become a lay member of Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia; *interview, Bishop Isiah, chancellor of the mainline Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America; *interview, Rev. John Bacon, Orthodox Church in America, pastor and expert on the "pseudo-Orthodox" *interview, Johann Morse, deacon at Holy Trinity Cathedral in San Francisco, part of the mainline Orthodox Church of America.〕 In 1991, "Master Andrew" Vincent Rossi, who had finally succeeded Earl Blighton in 1978 four years after his death, and who was also called "Father Andrew", resigned as director-general of the CSB under pressure from the hierarchy within the brotherhood. The CSB agreed under the terms of his resignation to fund the departure of himself and his family, and with them he travelled to England with sufficient CSB financial support to pursue a doctoral degree in Orthodox studies at the University of Oxford under Kallistos Ware. During the 1990s to about 2000, many members of the CSB individually joined canonical jurisdictions of the Orthodox Church. In 1992 Orthodox church leaders said the Christ the Savior Brotherhood had dwindled to about 500 members.〔 In 2000, after removing itself from non-canonical autocephalous Orthodox affiliation, the CSB with its people, parishes and monasteries, having claimed to have replaced esoteric mystical New Age practices with mainline Orthodox doctrine and practice, was fully received into canonical Orthodox jurisdictions. In 2002 the CSB officially changed its corporation name from ''Holy Order of MANS'' to ''Christ the Saviour Brotherhood'', and changed its New Age corporate by-laws to newly worded corporate by-laws that reflect Orthodoxy. Many former members of the original Holy Order of MANS who had departed in the 1980s, who have not become Orthodox Christian and are not associated with the CSB, claim to have preserved the original teachings and practices of the Order and made them available through development of internet online sites. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Holy Order of Mans」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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